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For three decades foreign companies have been taking advantage of the warm welcome given to them by an emerging China. But now many international companies say they face a growing number of obstacles to doing business in the country.
When China began opening up 30 years ago, foreign enterprises were given VIP treatment by officials eager to learn Western business ways and take advantage of billions of investment dollars. Foreign companies in turn sought to tap the vast number of potential customers in China, as well as its pool of workers.
But these days, sentiment among international companies has turned bleak. Foreign business executives say there has been a sudden change in policy and an increase in restrictions that favor Chinese companies and smack of protectionism.
China business consultant James McGregor is the former chairman of the American Chamber of Commerce, a long-time journalist in China and best-selling business author.
During his 20 years of observing the business environment in China,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], he says he has seldom seen the foreign business community more angry and disillusioned than it is today. "The foreign business community is really concerned about where things are headed,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]," noted McGregor. "Many foreign companies are doing well and making money here after 20 years building up their businesses. But as they look at new policies coming their way,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], they are concerned that future opportunities are narrowing."
The European Chamber of Commerce in China expressed concern last week that its members suffer under what it calls an unexpected and impregnable blockade erected by the Chinese in recent months. In an open letter,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the European chamber says some its members are contemplating leaving China because they are weary of slogging through what the letter calls an unpredictable business environment with the odds deliberately stacked against them.
The main bone of contention is the indigenous innovation policy, that instructs provincial and regional governments to choose Chinese companies over foreign ones for contracts.
European Chamber of Commerce Secretary General Dirk Moens says there are risks businesses will suffer damaging losses because of confusing and inconsistent regulations, and favoritism. He says many Europeans companies have demanded action and have asked his group to seek dialogue with the Chinese government.
"Our members are pushing us to engage with the relevant authorities and the good news is we are doing that," said Moens. "The authorities are willing to engage in this discussion as they realize the reaction means their policies lack clarity and there is a need to engage with business organizations to clarify."
Many link the hostile business environment to the arrest and lengthy imprisonment of Rio Tinto's Chinese staff,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Google's pull out from China because of censorship and the accusations that the Chinese manipulate their currency.
But McGregor says these issues,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], especially the dispute over the value of the yuan, are not the main concerns of foreign businesses. He says the bigger problems include rampant intellectual-property theft, state penetration of multinationals through unions and Communist Party organizations,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and politicized courts and agencies that almost always favor local companies. And many foreign companies complain of what he describes as creative and selective enforcement of World Trade Organization requirements.
"There's been a lot of foreign companies in the last five years that have decided to put almost all their eggs in the China basket because they saw this place as growth and they saw opportunity,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]," added McGregor. "And now I think they are starting to see opportunities narrowing and closing and they are going to be reassessing. There are board rooms all around the world right now that are having a lot of discussions about this and reassessing the China opportunity."
McGregor also says the financial crisis has seen the long-held respect for the Western business model lost and in its place the emergence of Chinese triumphalism,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]. He says many Chinese policy makers now believe their market model is superior to those of Washington and Brussels.
Both he and Moens warn the change in attitude could drive companies out of China.
However, the Chinese government denies the environment has changed toward foreign companies.
During its annual parliamentary session last month, Premier Wen Jiabao was at pains to say international businesses are always welcome,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and that he would try to create a level playing field.
Senior Chinese officials from the Foreign and Commerce Ministries do appear to have gauged the current mood. In recent weeks they have gone on a charm offensive and have met with foreign business leaders to calm rising anger.
And Foreign Ministry spokesman Qin Gang firmly denied China violates World Trade Organization rules. Qin says there is no discrimination against foreign companies. He says that since joining the WTO, China has treated international firms like family members,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and adds that all foreign companies are welcome to do business in the country.
A man walks outside a General Motor Chevrolet dealership in Beijing,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], China on April 12, 2010. /AP
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A sticker with the same message was found stuck to the sign plate of the Korean Consulate General in New York the same day, and a day earlier an identical wooden stake was discovered in front of the consulate.

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recently,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], "the work of Party building in" the magazine editor Wang Yuchuan to the Mount Holyoke county investigation of non-public enterprises. Wang Yuchuan and his entourage went to the County Economic Development Zone Party member service center, source licensing group,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Longhua group,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], listened to the Development Zone Party member service center briefing and Yuanpai group general Party branch of carring out the good activities. Wang Yuchuan the non-public economic development zone,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Mount Holyoke county economic development as well as the non-public enterprise party building activities fully affirmed. Wang Yuchuan said, the Mount Holyoke Party member service center of the Development Zone, and arrange the office,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], do not see more in the development zone of the province,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], itself is innovation,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], hope Party member service center according to the "service enterprises,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], service members,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], serving the masses" purpose,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], focus on economic construction development work,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], to create some experience, made some results, give full play to the role of platform. Wang Yuchuan also made specific comments on how to carry out the party building in non-public enterprises publicity activities.
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The autumn of 2010, District Agricultural Technology Promotion Center at the cross road of village organization Matou town for wheat high yield rice stubble field 10.5 mus, technical service area of 1000 acres.

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14 days,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], reporters from Rizhao City ocean and Fishery Bureau, Rizhao City recently enacted the "Rizhao City North shallow sea aquaculture development planning guidance". It is understood,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the planning of Rizhao City is the first specific waters issued special aquaculture planning.
The following
opinions for the first time on the sunshine million flat to the North Sea,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], green line to the high tide line 3000 meters east to -20 m isobath of fishery of shallow sea (referred to as the North shallow waters) special planning.
according to the introduction,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the northern shallow sea area is the most concentrated,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Rizhao City aquaculture density water utilization rate among the highest in the region, Rizhao City is also an important traditional farming fishing zone. But the sea aquaculture structure is not reasonable, breeding patterns and varieties of a single,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], water development disorder and other problems have seriously affected the development of the industry.
Directive opinion
analysis to describe the status quo and characterization of the North Sea coastal aquaculture and aquaculture situation, existing problems, but also focuses on the northern shallow sea of future industrial layout and development of key. Based on comprehensive analysis of natural conditions and biological characteristics of the sea, the sea is divided into 27 zones, each zone area of 8700 acres.
at the same time,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], according to the different development priorities,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], marine environment and biological characteristics of different,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Rizhao City ocean and Fishery Bureau will also area into a raft of mariculture, aquaculture area,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], bottom sowing culture area,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the artificial fish reef area, germplasm resources protection area, culture tourism and leisure fishing industry zone,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], proposes the development emphasis and development model of each block.
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Shanghai City, jointly with the Municipal Commission of Commerce, the district actively implement measures, efforts to defuse the cabbage and other vegetables and seasonal varieties structural slow-moving problem.